![]() ![]() For the current investigation, we restricted our analyses to participants with non-IgM MGUS ( n = 488, including 324 non-progressing MGUS and 164 MM) IgM MGUS was excluded because it typically progresses to Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia rather than MM. As described previously, MGUS was characterized in prediagnostic sera from selected participants who did and did not subsequently develop MM or other hematologic malignancies during follow-up. The study population for this investigation was drawn from participants 55–74 years of age who were randomized to the screening arm of the PLCO Cancer Screening Trial between 19. To further address this question, we were motivated to conduct a study within the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian (PLCO) Cancer Screening Trial to evaluate the association between BMI and risk of progression from MGUS to MM, overall and by sex. were the first to examine potential sex differences in BMI and MGUS progression previous studies consisted almost entirely of males or had limited sample size to perform stratified analyses. The authors found a suggestive association between high BMI, assessed close to the time of screening (within 2 years for 80% of subjects), and increased risk of MGUS progression independent of clinically established risk factors for progression, with a stronger association observed among females than males. investigated the relationship between BMI and progression from MGUS to MM and other plasma-cell or lymphoid disorders among 594 individuals identified to have MGUS from a population-based MGUS screening study in Olmsted County, Minnesota. In the current issue of Blood Cancer Journal, Kleinstern et al. However, it remains unclear whether high BMI or other modifiable lifestyle factors are associated with progression from MGUS to MM, especially after controlling for established clinical risk factors for progression (e.g., immunoglobulin isotype, M-protein concentration, free light-chain ratio, immunoparesis). Limited and inconsistent evidence exists to support an association of obesity or BMI with MGUS, suggesting that excess body fatness may play a more important role in later stages of MM development. Obesity (and high body mass index ) is increasingly recognized as an established risk factor for MM, in addition to advancing age, male sex, Black race, and genetic susceptibility. MGUS affects approximately 2–3% of the general US population 50 years of age or older and has an estimated annual average risk of progression of 1%. Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) is an asymptomatic precursor condition that precedes nearly all cases of multiple myeloma (MM) and is typically characterized by the presence of a monoclonal (M)-protein in serum.
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